It has been revealed that simply twisting and stacking two layers of oxide crystals can allow the atomic arrangement itself ...

Automatically numbering and weighting electronic states instead of taking averages improves estimates of target molecular orbitals.

During chemical reactions, atoms in the reacting substances break their bonds and re-arrange, forming different chemical products. This process entails the movement of both electrons (i.e., negatively ...

We tested popular wideband O₂ controllers against lab-grade equipment to see how accurate their lambda readings really are ...

Electron microscopy uses a beam of electrons to illuminate a sample and achieve much higher spatial resolution than light microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy generates an image of the ...

Dot and cross diagrams help us to model when ions are formed from atoms. Here’s an example using sodium and chlorine. They form ions which bond to form sodium chloride. 2. Work out how many electrons ...

The Möbius strip, with its fascinating structure, was first discovered by August Ferdinand Möbius and Johann Benedict Listing in 1858 1. Interestingly, in his review paper on Möbius molecules, Herges ...

For example, the atomic number of sodium is 11. Every sodium atom has 11 protons and 11 electrons. It has 11 positive charges and 11 negative charges. The mass number of an atom is its total number of ...