Dynamic equilibrium condition (DEC) is described as a steady-state condition at which the normal wear rate in a machine causes no net gain or loss of particles. The concept of DEC of particles is ...

It has been demonstrated that particles reach a dynamic equilibrium level in normal operating machines. The theory is based on the fact that if particles are generated at a constant rate and are then ...

Epitaxial semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are nanoscale objects, which incorporate fully confined carriers and are therefore perfectly suited for fundamental studies on atom-like objects in a ...