IN 1955 Benirschke and Brown 1 reported extensively on the occurrence of congenital anomalies in association with the absence of one of the two umbilical arteries. This study, together with previous ...

A retrograde pyelogram (RPG) is an imaging test that uses contrast dye in your urinary tract to take a better X-ray image of your urinary system. Your urinary system includes your kidneys, bladder, ...

Background A 54-year-old nondiabetic male presented with high fever, vague lower abdominal pain and leakage of urine around his long-standing suprapubic catheter. Examination revealed pyrexia and ...

Retrograde pyelography is a procedure commonly used by urologists involving X-ray imaging to visualize the kidneys, bladder and ureters. It involves the insertion of a cystoscope into the urinary ...