The ability to modify the intracellular concentrations of divalent calcium ions is vital to normal cell functioning. In the cells of the cardiac muscle, calcium ions play a crucial role in coupling ...

L-type Ca²⁺ currents determine the shape of cardiac action potentials (AP) and the magnitude of the myoplasmic Ca²⁺ signal, which regulates the contraction force. The auxiliary Ca²⁺ channel subunits ...

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THERE is general agreement that the membrane process activates the contractile mechanism in muscle; but up to the present all efforts to find quantitative relations between the electrical and ...

To recap, the transverse tubules are indispensable for efficient muscle function. Their key functions are: Rapidly transmit action potentials from the sarcolemma to the interior of the muscle fiber.