Note: This video is designed to help the teacher better understand the lesson and is NOT intended to be shown to students. It includes observations and conclusions that students are meant to make on ...

Katherine Bourzac is a freelance journalist in San Francisco, California. For a little more than a century, chemists have known that strong atomic links called covalent bonds are formed when atoms ...

This video explores the limits of cutting paper, focusing on its primary component, cellulose. It analyzes the types of bonds that hold paper fibers together, including covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, ...

Graphene oxide is composed of oxygenated functional groups, the most prevalent of which are carboxyl, carbonyl, epoxy, and hydroxyl. These functional groups present on graphe are polar, making it very ...

When two hydrogen atoms get close enough, the electron from each atom feels an attraction from the proton in the other atom's nucleus. This attraction pulls the atoms together. The electrons end up ...