Scientists tracking blind Mexican cavefish uncover a striking evolutionary reversal where existing brain circuits are rewired via dopamine to flip behavioral responses to light.

Natural scenes are highly dynamic, challenging the reliability of visual processing. Yet, humans and many animals perform accurate visual behaviors, whereas computer vision devices struggle with ...

Researchers at The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) School of Engineering have developed a novel reinforcement learning–based generative model to predict neural signals, creating ...

When engineers build AI language models like GPT-5 from training data, at least two major processing features emerge: memorization (reciting exact text they’ve seen before, like famous quotes or ...

The importance of learning to recognize and respond to impending threat is widely appreciated, but the related process of discriminating cues that signal the absence of threat is often overlooked.